Tubing.



No. 746,319. PATENTED DEC. 8, 1903.

c. 1). FREES.

TUBING. APPLICATION FILED JULY i9, 1902.

I0 MODEL WITNESSES: I 8 LNVENTOR 390mm Q BY J/ [8' ATTORNEYS 3 UNITED STATES retested December 8, 1903.

CHARLES D. FREES OF HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY.

TUBING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters recent No. 746,319, dated December 8, 1903- Application filed July 9,1902. Serial No. 114,861. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES 'D. FREES, a

citizen of the United States of America, residing in Hoboken, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tubing, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in tubing, and especially gas-tubing.

The object of the invention is to provide a tubing that shall be tight and substantially indestructible when exposed interiorly to gas in which while combining thenecessary cheapness and economy of structure shall nevertheless provide protection for the impervious -layers against the deteriorating action of the gas and also against the deteriorating efiects of the acids that are almost always present or produced on the surface of the spiral wire, usually tinned on its outer surface, thatlis employed for sustaining the mechanical and also the gaseous pressures to which the tubing must be subjected in practical use.

To these ends the invention in its most pre-. ferred form combines an interior wire spiral overlaid with a thin layer of tissue or other paper, over which latter extend longitudinal strengtheningstrands therefor and spiral binding-strands or wrapping, and all these elements underlie and are covered by the impervious composition. Finally, as is usual, the outside may be covered with a neat or ornamental woven fabric.

I am of course wellaware that tubings having an impervious-composition that is directly exposed to the interior gases and acids has 'been invented and described by a certain J.

Taylor, wherein atissue-paper covering exterior to the composition has been provided, and ofcourse such covering may prevent in a large degree the disagreeable odors arising from the gaseous products that have passed through or are developed in the composition; but this invention does not provide any means of preventing the gases and acids'from directly attacking the composition, and therefore serve by way of illustration to bring out the distinctive features of my own invention.

I am also aware that it is common to cover electric cables with sheet-lead'at an expense of about ten cents a poundand that tubing of a so-called flexible nature has been described in which sheet-lead of spiral form has lationships of the layers which constitute my improved tubing. Neither doessuch tubing provide any longitudinal extending strandsthat tend to relieve the strain in the composicheapness that result from the combined retion layer, because presumably the lead layer was relied upon for such purpose.

' In the accompanying drawings similar letters of reference refer to corresponding parts.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a transverse cross-section of a piece of tubing embodying the preferred form of my invention.

Fig. 2 represents a piece of the same tubing "partially completed, but with the outer cover or covers removed. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a portion of tubing embodying the preferred form of my invention partially completed.

A represents a form, here shown as a metal spiral, of a suitable size.

B is a flexible insulator of paper or similar material.

0 represents a binder,which preferably consists of a series of threads arranged substantially parallel to each-other and around the circumference of the insulator and covered and secured in position by other threads sug perimposed thereon and wound in opposite directions. This preferred form of construction is shown in detail in Fig. 3. Any suitable'woven or braided covering may be used for this binder.

D represents a sealing-covering of any suitable composition which is impervious to gas,

and E represents the final outside covering,

which may be of any suitable material, such as an ornamental fabric.

The insulator, although preferaby of paper, 7 may be of any suitable and flexible material which will prevent the composition of the sealing-covering from afiecting the form and creating acids by its coaction therewith, and

thus tending to destroy saidcoinposition.

I claim as the characteristic features of this invention the following:

I. In combination in a tubing, a flexible spiral of wire, a layer of paper exterior to the said spiral. for preventing the free circulation of gases from the interior to the layers 5 rior to the said paper, for substantially the purposes set forth.

2. In combination in a tubing, a flexible spiral of wire, a layer of paper exterior to the said spiral for preventing the free circulation of gases from the interior to the layers exterior thereto, and longitudinal strengthening-strands and spiral binding-strands exterior to the said paper, and a flexible and substantially gas-tight composition also exte- 5 rior to the said paper, and a woven fabric covering the said composition, for substantially the purposes set forth.

3. In combination in a tubing, a flexible spiral of wire, a thin light and highly flexible layer of fibrous material exemplified by paper, surrounding the said spiral, and a spirallylaid binder confining the said fibrous layer against the said wire spiral, and a sealing layer of substantially impervious non-metallic material, for substantially the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES D. FREES.

Witnesses:

DENNIS A. DONOVAN, SAMUEL CURTIS. 

